The Name is the Game: Porecle ca prognozatori ai personalitatii si strategiei de imperechere in cadrul intalnirilor online. Benjamin P. Lange si colab. Fata. Commun., 12 februarie 2019. https://doi. escorte bucuresti sector 5 kids4drugfree.org org/10.3389/fcomm.2019.00003
Rezumat
Obiectiv: am investigat functia comunicativa a poreclelor de intalnire online. Scopul nostru a fost sa evaluam daca este posibila ghicirea corecta a trasaturilor de personalitate ale unui utilizator doar citind porecla acestuia.
Metoda: Am avut 69 de porecle utilizatori (varsta medie: 33.59 ani, 36 de femei) chestionare complete care evalueaza personalitatea lor (Big 5 + narcisism) si strategia de imperechere (pe termen scurt vs. escorte sebastian www.pest-manager-report.net pe termen lung). Apoi am verificat (folosind un numar total de 638 de participanti, varsta medie: 26,83 ani, 355 femei), daca personalitatea si strategia de imperechere a utilizatorilor porecle pot fi evaluate corect pe baza pseudonimului. De asemenea, am surprins motivatia de a contacta utilizatorul in spatele unei porecle si am analizat caracteristicile lingvistice ale poreclelor.
Rezultate: Am constatat ca personalitatea si strategia de imperechere ar putea fi deduse dintr-o porecla. Mai mult, mergand dupa tendinte, femeile erau mai bune la judecatile de personalitate intersexuala, in timp ce barbatii erau mai buni in judecatile intrasexuale. De asemenea, am gasit mai multe corelate ale motivatiei de a contacta persoana din spatele poreclului. Printre alti factori, poreclele lungi par sa descurajeze oamenii sa contacteze utilizatorul poreclului. escorte anal www.gatherhome.com
Concluzii: Concluziile arata ca oamenii sunt capabili sa faca judecati exacte ale personalitatii in comunicarea mediata de computer cu ajutorul unor mici indicii precum porecle.
Introducere
Interactiunea fata in fata (ftf) bazata pe limbaj poate fi considerata cea mai naturala cale de comunicare (Kock, 2004). Noile media sociale au transformat comunicarea, intrucat expeditorul si receptorul nu sunt neaparat copresente intr-un astfel de context mediat. Cu toate acestea, comunicarea in lumea digitala este inca bazata pe limba, chiar si atunci cand este doar sub forma de limbaj scris (Koch et al., 2005).
Cercetarile asupra unei astfel de comunicari mediate de computer (cmc) pot fi impartite in diferite abordari. Doua dintre ele sunt: (1) abordarea sociala redusa (rsc) (Sproull si Kiesler, 1986) si (2) abordarea comunicarii hiperpersonale (hp) (Walther, 1996). escorte forum bucuresti 66u.telegraphhotel.net Primul presupune ca cmc filtreaza problemele contextului social. Al doilea subliniaza ca cmc ar putea depasi comunicarea ftf, deoarece expeditorul are posibilitatea de a-si optimiza autoreprezentarea in timp ce receptorul idealizeaza expeditorul pe baza indicilor disponibile. Aici se pune intrebarea daca oamenii sunt capabili si, de fapt, isi ascund „adevaratul sine”, care este identitatea lor (de exemplu, personalitatea) sau daca, desi sunt relativ anonimi, comunica inevitabil aspecte ale identitatii si personalitatii respective. la randul sau perceput de receptor (Walther si Parks,
Sexul sau respectiv sexul sunt caracteristici centrale ale identitatii si personalitatii cuiva (de exemplu, Mealey, 2000; Ellis si colab., 2008). De fapt, sexul a fost esential in cercetarea in cmc. De exemplu, Guiller si Durndell (2007) au descoperit ca in cmc barbatii sunt mai dominanti decat femeile, in timp ce femeile sunt mai sustinatoare decat barbatii – constatari ale diferentelor de sex in comunicarea ftf (Eckert si McConnell-Ginet, 2003). escorte austria oldmutualannuity.com
Un mare grup de cercetari (de exemplu, Savicki si colab., 1999; Thomson si Murachver, 2001; Koch si colab., 2005) arata ca numai citind text, oamenii sunt capabili sa ghiceasca sexul scriitorilor peste sansa. Acelasi lucru pare sa fie valabil si pentru judecatile de personalitate (Park si colab., 2015). Cu toate acestea, nu sunt necesare texte intregi. Lange si colab. escorte liverpool bio-stone.com (2016b) a folosit pseudonime alese de studenti la examenele scrise si i-a avut pe participanti sa le evalueze pe sexul presupus al utilizatorului si alte atribute. Ei au descoperit ca sexul poate fi ghicit corect peste sansa, cu o dimensiune mare a efectului. De asemenea, participantii au atribuit atribute tipice feminine si masculine pseudonimelor si au incercat chiar sa obtina informatii despre personalitatea utilizatorilor. S-a descoperit, de asemenea, ca femeile, mai mult decat barbatii, foloseau sufixurile diminutive in pseudonimele lor (precum -i in „cuti”). In conformitate cu aceste constatari, Heisler si Crabill (2006) au demonstrat ca majoritatea participantilor lor s-au considerat capabili sa ghiceasca corect sexul si varsta utilizatorilor de nume de e-mail. Mai mult, participantii lor au incercat sa evalueze presupusii proprietari ai adreselor de e-mail, in ceea ce priveste, printre altele, statutul relatiei lor.
Nu numai ca sexul este o problema de interes in ceea ce priveste lumea digitala, fenomenul intalnirilor online este si el (Valkenburg si Peter, 2007). escorte sighetu marmatiei e-taku.com Avand in vedere ca alegerea partenerului este unul dintre cele mai importante domenii din viata sociala (Buss, 2003) si ca oamenii isi muta din ce in ce mai mult activitatile de la offline la lumea online, nu este de mirare ca intalnirea online a devenit o afacere de un miliard de dolari ( Sautter si colab.
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, 2010).
Human mating in general and sex differences in human mating have attracted numerous researchers and have produced a veritable deluge of related literature (e.g., Buss and Barnes, 1986; Buss, 1989; Buss and Schmitt, 1993; for an overview, see Buss, 2003, 2016; Schwarz and Hassebrauck, 2012). This research has, on the one hand, identified several characteristics that both sexes prefer in a mate (e.g. escorte de birkeland.us , healthy), as well as those that are more preferred by women (e.g., good earning capacity, college graduate) and those more preferred by men (e.g., physically attractive) (Buss et al., 1990). The role of language in human mate choice has also been examined recently (e. escorte sibiu forum image.google.ci g., Lange et al., 2014, 2016a). On the other hand, empirical mate choice research has documented that women are more exacting in mate choice decisions, while men face stronger same-sex competition (for an overview, see Buss, 2003). The first process, called intersexual selection, is the actual mate choice, which in most species occurs as female mate choice. That is, women because of having higher obligatory costs (Trivers, 1972), are more selective, while men, whose obligatory costs are lower, compete more strongly with other men in order to be chosen. This is called intrasexual selection (for an overview, see Buss, 2003). escorte sexy www.tubepipe.com
Another area of interest in mate choice research is the distinction between short-term mating (the search for an affair, a one-night stand, etc.) and long-term mating (the search for a committed, steady relationship) (Buss and Schmitt, 1993), which can be referred to as a person’s mating strategy (Schmitt, 2005). This distinction is somewhat linked to females being choosier than males. As the costs for males are lower than for females, men show a tendency to be relatively indiscriminate in short-term mating. A bad mate choice imposes higher costs on women than on men—and this applies more to short-term than to long-term mating. Generally, women show a preference for a long-term mate (Buss and Schmitt, 1993). As a result, men for whom short-term mating is a particularly useful strategy might want to pretend to be interested in long-term mating, while in fact they are not. escorte bucuresti 50 lei www.ia.omron.com Thus, women should be particularly interested in detecting a man’s mating strategy (Buss, 2003).
Not only dating in general but online dating as well has excited some research interest—among others, also with respect to rsc and hp (for an overview, see Finkel et al., 2012). It has been assumed, taking the hp perspective, that the cmc limitations in online dating can be compensated by language style and choice of words (Walther et al., 2005). While physical cues are missing in cmc, the importance of verbal cues might be rising. The question then might very well be, this time with respect to online dating: what about single words instead of entire texts?
As emphasized above, communication only by means of single words is even more limited than communicating through written texts. escorte trans www.rivera.co.nz Still, those single words might communicate crucial information (Lange et al., 2016a). In accordance with findings on mate choice in “real life,” Whitty and Buchanan (2010) found that women were more attracted to online user names (hereinafter called nicknames) (e.g., in terms of the motivation to contact the person behind the name) that signaled intelligence, while men were more attracted to nicknames indicative of physical attractiveness. So the choice of a nickname in online dating can be used for impression management—just like hp would predict. Online dating is indeed an area in the digital world in which making a good first impression is essential (Whitty and Buchanan, 2010). ploiesti escorte www.globaltradingsystems.biz
Apart from classical mate choice criteria, the personality of a potential mate is crucial, too (e.g., Buss et al., 1990; Botwin et al., 1997; Escorial and Martin-Buro, 2012). In this context, research by Back et al. (2008) is particularly relevant for the research presented in the article at hand. escorte sex la telefon vsas.com They retrieved personality scores of 599 participants (Big Five, e.g.
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, extraversion; narcissism) and additionally asked them for their e-mail addresses. Back et al. (2008) then presented the e-mail names to 100 participants who judged the personality dimensions of the e-mail name users on the same personality items used before. Personality dimensions were detected correctly, with results being statistically significant for all dimensions except for extraversion. Back et al. escorte .net castingdesign.org (2008) also showed that personality ratings were linked to certain attributes of the e-mail address. For instance, the perception of conscientiousness was positively correlated with both the number of characters and dots the names consisted of, while number of digits was negatively correlated with it.
The current study had the objective of replicating the findings by Back et al. (2008) with respect to online dating as well as to extend them. Back et al. (2008) used e-mail names and had a general cmc context. We, on our part, wanted to focus more on nicknames. forum escorte brasov netmatch.org This was inspired by research on the psychology of pseudonyms (e.g., Lange et al., 2016b) as well as based on the following assumption: While e-mail addresses are often created based on the rule “first name.last name” (e.g., john. escorte issi www.nametagsdirect.com smith@…), nicknames are assumed to be more creative (cf. Whitty and Buchanan, 2010). Also unlike Back et al. (2008), we were interested in the context of online dating and mate choice. Whitty and Buchanan (2010) have already shown that such an approach is worthwhile. Still, the scarcity of such research calls for more studies of this kind.
The question might also be asked, as to whether people are able to detect the mating strategy of a potential mate. escorte ph darcisplace.com It was also of interest whether the motivations for contacting a person behind a nickname, based only on the nickname, might differ (Whitty and Buchanan, 2010). Furthermore, we wanted additionally to investigate whether one of the two sexes are better at judging women’s and men’s personality based on their nicknames. Mating is an area of social life, where making a proper choice seems particularly important (Buss, 2003). So, it seemed of practical relevance to elucidate what mate choice-relevant information can be retrieved form an online dating nickname.
Finally, we were interested in the linguistic features of the nicknames, and the subsequent question whether we would find correlations between these features and other variables of interest (Back et al., 2008; Lange et al., 2016b). escorte teleorman ww17.worldhistory.net
We proposed the following hypothesis (cf. Back et al., 2008):
H1: People are able to correctly guess online daters’ personality by means only of their nicknames. Under personality, we understood the Big Five dimensions which are: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism (McCrae and John, 1992). The Big Five have been used quite often in research focusing on personality perceptions by means of certain cues (e.g., Kufner et al. escorte de lux romania www.studyincanada.com , 2010; Qui et al., 2015). As another personality dimensions, we added narcissism following the mentioned study by Back et al. (2008). Other researchers have also included this trait, which is one of three traits of the so-called Dark Triad, into their research in order to elucidate, whether it can be detected (e.g., Buffardi and Campbell, 2008; Vander Molen et al. escorte g clubs.london.edu , 2018).
Furthermore, we had four research questions that were derived from mate choice research (see above) and other studies on the psychology of nicknames or usernames (Back et al., 2008; Whitty and Buchanan, 2010; Lange et al., 2016b):
RQ1: Are people able to correctly guess online daters’ mating strategy by means only of their nicknames?
RQ2: What are the correlates of the motivation to contact a person behind a nickname?
RQ3: Does one sex show greater accuracy in personality judgments than the other?
RQ4: What are the linguistic correlates of the personality of the nickname users and how are they perceived? In other words, are linguistic features significant mediators of judgments?
