Clericalismul a mentionat drept radacina crizei de abuz sexual

153

Intr-o discutie din 29 ianuarie la Universitatea Villanova din Pennsylvania, iezuitul Fr. Hans Zollner a spus ca clericalismul este cauza principala a pagubelor aduse bisericii si a chemat esecul sistemic trecut in raportarea, pedepsirea si oprirea abuzurilor.

“Exista neincredere si suspiciune generala asupra cardinalilor si episcopilor. Acest lucru nu se intampla doar in SUA si Australia – nivelul de incredere al episcopilor este sub zero. Si acest lucru a devastat o institutie care este construita pe incredere si credinta”, a spus el.

Zollner, profesor de psihologie si presedinte al Centrului pentru Protectia Copilului, la Pontifical University Gregorian din Roma, a vorbit ca parte a unei serii care examineaza criza abuzului sexual. Zollner a vorbit despre situatia bisericii de pe glob.

Potrivit lui Zollner, punctul de cotitura care a dus la reforma recenta a bisericii a venit odata cu vizita papei Francisc din 2018 in Chile. Francisc si-a aruncat papalitatea in agitatie cand a acuzat victimele ca au calomniat acuzatul Episcopul Juan Barros si l-a numit „calomnie”.

“A creat o mare revolta si critica la adresa papei. Dar a vazut ideea si l-a numit pe cardinalul Charles Scicluna sa analizeze problema. Apoi si-a cerut scuze victimelor”, a spus Zollner.

Dupa povestea uluitoare de abuzuri si acoperiri aparute apoi din Chile, toti episcopii sedinti de acolo si-au oferit demisia. “Pentru mine acesta a fost punctul de cotitura. Cum [Francis] a privit criza abuzurilor. Ce este nou, sistemul / institutia isi asuma responsabilitatea. Nu a fost acolo acum trei ani”, a spus Zollner.

Raportul din Chile a subliniat esecurile sistemice in tratarea, raportarea, pedepsirea si oprirea abuzurilor. Zollner a declarat ca clerul s-a gandit adesea la ele ca fiind deasupra legii, in timp ce victimele se gaseau fara sprijin si se ocupa de rusine, vinovatie si pierderea credintei.

„Aceste doua – atitudini clericale si perceptii ale supravietuitorilor – sunt in mod universal prezente. Puteti gasi aceeasi atitudine si realitate pe tot globul. Si da, exista multe lucruri care sunt foarte similare dintr-o tara in alta”, a spus el.

Cu toate acestea, cultura clericalismului nu s-a oprit, a spus el. Cultura neglijarii, negarii si respingerii supravietuitorilor, insotita de pierderea increderii „sunt daunatoare pentru misiune si marturia credibilitatii bisericii”.

Zollner a acuzat episcopii si generalii de provincie ca au acoperit crimele faptuitorilor prin mutarea lor in diferite parohii si scoli. „Aceasta este realitatea bisericii”. El a spus ca a fost „uimit” de modul in care conferinta unui episcop a repetat aceleasi greseli pe care le-a facut celalalt. “Clericalismul este unul dintre motivele – clericalismul dintre clerici si non-clerici.”

In timp ce imaginea bisericii este una „autoritara si angajata in atingerea scopului sau”, Zollner a spus ca biserica nu este de fapt „un bloc mare”. Ca exemplu, el a aratat opozitia cu care Francisc s-a confruntat printre conducerea catolica aici, in Statele Unite. “O poti vedea in tara ta. Cu cativa ani in urma, ai vazut o explozie de opozitie impotriva papei si nimeni nu a intervenit.”

“The impression is that the pope could press the red button and all bishops in the world would salute and follow his order,” he said.

Zollner said that theologians so far have not engaged with the issue of the abuse crisis, and as a result, there is little literature on the topic. “Do we have papers that reflect on the sorrow, the anger, the pain, the hopelessness of survivors, victims and their relatives? Have we found a way to express our concerns and our discomfort with this in prayer with the Lord? How often do we do pray about that and ask him to give you some advice?”

A bit more difficult to explain however, would be the bishops and priests feeling powerless at the moment. With more survivors speaking up, the clergy find themselves hugely under pressure.

“Ask any bishop or priest who are faced with these questions, and they are feeling helpless. They go through the street of Melbourne or Dublin or Lisbon, people may insult or spit at them. There is a general suspicion,” said Zollner.

Many priests worldwide find themselves in this position, and as a result feel awkward being around young people. “They don’t know how to behave anymore. That’s maybe why 30% of candidates to the episcopacy declined being appointed bishops.”

The sex abuse crisis has resulted in many in Ireland, Quebec and the Catholic pockets in Australia, losing all connection with the church. Zollner fears that it could happen “in some parts of Eastern Europe” as well.

He asked the faithful to draw inspiration from the 19th century founders of religious communities, many of whom were laypeople. “They didn’t wait for Rome to solve the problem. They didn’t wait until their spirituality could find a new path in a difficult situation. The church has seen difficult situations every 200 to 300 years in its history. And the solution in those moments did not come from Rome, or from the bishops.”

Although the lack of accountability is entrenched in church history, Zollner said that the recent steps taken by the Vatican was a move in the right direction. From the introduction of laws and guidelines in March, the release of the apostolic letter Vos Estis Lux Mundi (“You are the light of the world”), to the abolishing of the pontifical secret in December 2019 — the church under Francis is making amends and correcting course.

Moving ahead, theologians and laypeople need to ponder on how to find a solution together, and learn how to disagree with respect. “You can introduce any law you wish, but there has to be a change in attitude,” he said.

[Sarah Salvadore is an NCR Bertelsen intern based in New Jersey.]

Clericalismul a mentionat drept radacina crizei de abuz sexual

Populare

Cum alegi cel mai bun brad de Crăciun?

Afla cum iti poti lansa o mica afacere folosind un spatiu...

Top 10 cele mai supraevaluate filme din toate timpurile

10 regizori care au facut un film de groaza si au...

10 documentare care au schimbat perceptia publicului

Top 10 interviuri controversate cu celebritati din toate timpurile

Top 10 cele mai memorabile momente ale premiilor Oscar

Cum se schimba viata atunci cand intri in cercurile sociale ale...

10 povesti ciudate din lumea rap pe care sa le cunosti

10 secrete intunecate din lumea surprinzator de rasucita a K-Pop