In aceasta noua coloana, istoricul sexului Dr. Kate Lister, de la Universitatea Leeds Trinity , exploreaza modalitatile prin care oamenii din intreaga lume se apropie de dragoste, sex si casatorie.
Fiecare ritual de imperechere de pe planeta se reduce la incercarea de a va impresiona intentia. Indiferent daca esti un macaque cu coada lunga care iti expune cartierul posterior, sau un post care face selfie-uri umane catre Tinder, este vorba doar de afisarea marfurilor.
Dar, vanzarea dvs. nu vine in mod natural la noi britanici – mai ales in lumea de intalnire. Avem toate aspectele incomode si ne redam cele mai bune caracteristici, deoarece nu vrem sa fim ganditi ca un spectacol, cand ceea ce ar trebui sa facem este sa ne marim. Acesta este motivul pentru care am putea sta pentru a invata un lucru sau doua de la Wodaabe, un popor nomad din Africa, care migreaza peste Niger, Camerun, Nigeria si Ciad.
Wodaabe sunt o gramada de aspect si nu sunt deloc modeste in acest sens. Nu exista nimic din rezerva ta britanica nefericita aici. De fapt, Wodaabe a fost numit „cel mai zadarnic popor din lume”. Nu sunt sigur ca „zadarnic” este cuvantul potrivit, dar este adevarat ca o parte centrala a culturii Wodaabe este frumusetea.
„Cand vine vorba de sex, femeile sunt responsabile”
S-ar putea sa nu credeti ca exista ceva special in acest sens, dupa ce intreaga noastra cultura este saturata de imagini cu corpuri frumoase, dar premiul Wodaabe ofera frumusete masculina fata de frumusetea feminina, iar barbatii petrec ore intregi pentru a-si face machiajul. Desigur, femeile au, de asemenea, foarte multa grija in aspectul lor, dar este in comparatie cu perioada de timp pe care oamenii sai investesc in rutinele lor de ingrijire.
Barbatul Wodaabe care aplica machiaj in pregatirea dansului la festivalul Gerewol din nordul Nigerului. Foto: Via Alamy
Mette Bovin documenteaza Wodaabe din 1965. Ea a scris ca „primul lucru pe care il face un tanar al Wodaabe dimineata este sa se uite in oglinda sa mica, sa-si verifice si sa-si faca ordine … nu va iesi nici macar printre vaci fara ritualul sau de dimineata ‘. In fiecare zi, barbatii Wodaabe aplica machiaj negru greu in jurul ochilor, astfel incat sa para mai largi si mai albe. Isi pun bijuterii elaborate, parfumuri dulci si isi tace parul lung in impletituri si margele care le atarna pe spate. Barbatii cu parul lung si gros sunt considerati mai ales frumosi. Cand un om este considerat extrem de atragator in cultura Wodaabe, el este numit „kayeejo naawdo”, care se traduce prin „om ranit”, ceea ce inseamna ca sunt atat de frumoase incat doare sa le privesti.
Wodaabe inseamna „Oamenii din Taboos”, care se refera la numeroasele elemente culturale si care nu isi structureaza viata de zi cu zi. De exemplu, Wodaabe nu-i cheama niciodata pe cei dragi dupa numele lor – ceea ce trebuie sa faca localizarea lor intr-o multime destul de dificila. Este considerata o marca de respect pentru a nu fi prea afectuos fata de persoana iubita, iar aceasta include utilizarea prenumelui lor. Wodaabe are, de asemenea, un comportament strict tabu in jurul igienei, alimentatiei si, desigur, sexului.
The first marriage of any Wodaabe man or woman is usually arranged by their parents from a very young age. But, the Wodaabe don’t practice monogamy, and there is no shame in married men and women having lovers, though strict taboos dictate you may only have one marriage partner at a time. Although the Wodaabe are a patriarchal society, when it comes to sex, the women are in charge. Nowhere is this more clearly demonstrated than at the annual Gerewol fertility festival which culminates in a beauty contest – the men compete and the women judge.
Wodaabe men performing at the Gerewol fertility festival in northern Niger. Photo: Via Alamy
Barbatii care concureaza se vor pregati pentru zile si pana la sase ore chiar in ziua respectiva. Capetele lor sunt barbierit in fata si parul impletit este impodobit cu scoici. La fel ca si machiajul ochilor, barbatii isi petrec pielea cu sofran sau argila colorata pentru a crea nuante galbene si rosii. Buzele lor sunt vopsite in negru, accentuand albul dintilor. Machiajul alb este aplicat pe obraji si pe podul nasului – Wodaabe conturau cu mult inainte ca Kim Kardashian sa intre in act. Se imbraca in haine brodate cu rafinament, pene luminoase si bijuterii realizate din scoici pictate. Odata ce toata lumea are zdrentele vesele, este timpul sa dansezi.
„Este mult mai civilizat decat sa fii rezervat pe WKD si sa fii dat cu pumnul in spatele Wetherspoons”
Dansul interpretat la Gerewol se numeste ‘yaake’. Desi temperaturile cresc pana la 40 ° C, barbatii danseaza ore intregi, batandu-si dintii si rotind ochii in speranta de a impresiona femeile judecatoare cu albii sidefati si cu ochii limpezi. Canta tare si sar in sus si in jos pentru a-si arata rezistenta. Barbatii si femeile in varsta alearga in sus si in jos pe toata lungimea dansatorilor, strigand incurajari si indemnandu-i la miscari din ce in ce mai elaborate si pline de energie – un fel de mamica care te invita in pub.
Competition to be the most desirable man is fierce at the Gerewol, and for good reason. The judges are high-status women, such as the daughters of past champions. When a judge picks a winner, they get more than a sash and a crown, they get to have sex with the judge – even if one or both parties are already married. The woman judging can also consent to being ‘stolen’ away from her husband and remarried to one of the winners. But, there is no pressure for a wife to leave her husband after she finds the fairest of the fair, and she may simply want have sex with him that evening.
Photo: Via Alamy
When a woman has chosen her lover from those competing, she will signal with a slight gesture of her hand. After the sun has gone down, the couple will quietly disappear into the undergrowth where they will spend the night together, making love on a palm leaf matt that the man has been carrying over his shoulder throughout the Gerewol. Which is all far more civilised than getting tanked up on WKD and being fingered round the back of Wetherspoons.
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Because it’s considered a great honour for a man to be selected as the most beautiful, the partners of both the judges and those dancing are hopeful their spouse will get to have a new sexual encounter. It is something to be celebrated and honoured. Of course, occasionally sexual jealousy rears its head. ‘Munyal’ is said to be the highest quality that a Wodaabe woman can possess, and it means to have patience in all things, but most especially with her husband’s lovers. Lovers aside, I imagine you would need considerable patience if your partner could tie up the bathroom for days getting ready to go out on the pull.
Perhaps you wouldn’t feel too comfortable about encouraging your spouse to have sex with an extremely attractive lover at a festival, but for the Wodaabe having multiple partners is a reflection of one’s desirability. The confidence and pride in their appearance is rooted in the openness with which they view sex. As we struggle to write out a bio for a dating app, the Wodaabe have the confidence to swipe right in person. And pride in yourself is something we could all use a little more of.
Dr Kate Lister is a sex historian, author and lecturer at Leeds Trinity University. She also runs the blog Whores of Yore. Keep up with her on Twitter.








